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Python Articles
Page 843 of 855
High-level file operations in Python (shutil)
A number of functions for hgh level operations on files and directories have been defined in shutil module of Python’s standard library.copy()This function copies a file to a specified file in same or other directory. First parameter to the function is a string representation of existing file. Second argument is either name of resultant file or directory. If it is a directory, the file is coped in it with same name. The metadata of original file is not maintained.>>> import shutil >>> shutil.copy("hello.py", "newdir/") 'newdir/hello.py'copy2()This function is similar to copy() function except for the fact that it retains metadata of ...
Read MoreFile and Directory Comparisons in Python
Python’s standard library has filecmp module that defines functions for comparison of files and directories. This comparison takes into consideration the properties of files in addition to data in them.Example codes in this article use following file and directory structure.Two directories dir1 and dir2 are first created under current working directory. They contain following files.--dir1/newfile.txt-- This is a file in dir1 --dir1/file1.txt-- Hello Python --dir1/file2.txt-- Python Standard Library --dir2/file1.txt-- Hello Python --dir2/file2.txt-- Python LibraryLet us now describe various comparison functions in filecmp module.filecmp.cmp(f1, f2, shallow=True)This function compares the two files and returns True if they are identical, False otherwise. The ...
Read MorePrefix sum array in python using accumulate function
Given an array and we have to do the prefix sum array using accumulate function.itertools.accumulate(iterable[, func]) module functions all construct and return iterators. So they should only be accessed by functions or loops that truncate the stream. Make an iterator that returns accumulated sums. Elements may be any addable type including Decimal or Fraction. If the optional function argument is supplied, it should be a function of two arguments and it will be used instead of addition.ExampleInput Data = [1, 0, 2, 3, 5] >>> list(accumulate(data)) # running summation Output [1, 1, 3, 6, 11]AlgorithmStep 1: Create list. Step 2: ...
Read MoreWrite Python program to find duplicate rows in a binary matrix
Given a binary matrix contains 0 and 1, our task is to find duplicate rows and print it.Python provides Counter() method which is used here.ExampleInput: 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Output: (1, 1, 1, 1) (0, 0, 0, 0)AlgorithmStep 1: Create a binary matrix, only 0 and 1 elements are present. Step 2: Which will have rows as key and it’s frequency as value. Lists are mutable so first, we will cast each row (list) into a tuple. Step 3: Create a dictionary using the counter method. Step 4: ...
Read MorePython program to check whether a given string is Heterogram or not
Here one string is given then our task is to check weather a given string is Heterogram or not.The meaning of heterogram checking is that a word, phrase, or sentence in which no letter of the alphabet occurs more than once. A heterogram may be distinguished from a pangram which uses all of the letters of the alphabet.ExampleString is abc def ghiThis is Heterogram (no alphabet repeated)String is abc bcd dfhThis is not Heterogram. (b, c, d are repeated)AlgorithmStep 1: first we separate out list of all alphabets present in sentence. Step 2: Convert list of alphabets into set because ...
Read MorePython program to find Largest, Smallest, Second Largest, and Second Smallest in a List?
Array is given, we have to find out maximum, minimum, secondlargest, second smallest number.AlgorithmStep 1: input list element Step 2: we take a number and compare it with all other number present in the list. Step 3: get maximum, minimum, secondlargest, second smallest number.Example code# To find largest, smallest, second largest and second smallest in a List def maxmin(A): maxi = A[0] secondsmax = A[0] mini = A[0] secondmini = A[0] for item in A: if item > maxi: maxi ...
Read MorePython code to print common characters of two Strings in alphabetical order
Two user input strings are given, our task is to print all the common characters in alphabetical order.ExampleInput: string1: python string2: program Output: opExplanationThe letters that are common between the two strings are o (1 times), p (1 time)AlgorithmStep 1: first we take two input string. Step 2: next we will do to convert these two strings into counter dictionary. Step 3: Now find common elements between two strings using intersection ( ) property. Step 4: Resultant will also be a counter dictionary having common elements as keys and their common frequencies as value. Step 5: Use elements () method ...
Read MoreHow to replace backward "" slash from a string
In Python it does give the desired result>>> var = "aaa\bbb\ccc and ddd\eee" >>> var.split('') ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc and ddd', 'eee']
Read MoreHow i can replace number with string using Python?
For this purpose let us use a dictionary object having digit as key and its word representation as value −dct={'0':'zero', '1':'one', '2':'two', '3':'three', '4':'four', '5':'five', '6':'six', '7':'seven', '8':'eight', '9':'nine'Initializa a new string object newstr=''Using a for loop traverse each character ch from input string at check if it is a digit with the help of isdigit() function. If it is digit, use it as key and find corresponding value from dictionary and append it to newstr. If not append the character ch itself to newstr. Complete code is as follows:string='I have 3 Networking books, 0 Database books, and 8 Programming ...
Read MorePython Regex to extract maximum numeric value from a string
The easiest way to extract the maximum numeric value from a string using regex is to −Use the regex module to extract all the numbers from a stringFind the max from these numbersFor example, for the input string −There are 121005 people in this city, 1587469 in the neighboring city and 18775994 in a far-off city.We should get the output −18775994We can use "\d+" regex to find all numbers in a string as \d signifies a digit and the plus sign finds the longest string of continuous digits. We can implement it using the re package as follows −import re ...
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