How to pass arguments by value in Python function?

In Python, when you pass arguments to a function, they are passed by object reference. This means the function gets a reference (or pointer) to the actual object, not a copy of it. However, how this reference affects the object depends on whether the object is mutable or immutable.

• Mutable objects (like lists, dictionaries, and sets) can be changed inside the function. If you modify a mutable object inside the function, the changes will affect the original object outside the function as well.
• Immutable objects (like numbers, strings, and